After completion of this Self-Directed Learning module, PISCES students will be able to:

• Recognize and describe typical imaging findings of renal stones and renal cysts on CT and US, and list technical aspects of a CT done for detection of nephrolithiasis (renal stone protocol).
• Describe imaging features of renal masses on multiphase CT including technical aspects of the study, and list the range of other imaging studies that can be helpful in distinguishing between benign and malignant renal masses.
• List imaging features that are particularly indicative of renal cell carcinoma (RCCA) on CT, describe a classification system for cystic renal lesions (Bosniak), and indicate common sites of metastatic spread of RCCA that may be seen with imaging.
• List three causes of renal masses other than RCCA and describe imaging features on CT that are suggestive of each diagnosis.